Our findings also indicate that (a) ToM variability in BPD is partially explained by individual differences on EF and emotion recognition; and (b) ToM deficits of BPD patients are partially explained by the capacity to integrate cues from face, prosody, gesture, and social context to identify the emotions and others’ beliefs. “
“Across different studies, patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) demonstrate impairments on numerous measures of attentional control that are classically associated with frontal lobe functioning. One aspect of attentional control that has not been examined in TLE is the ability to execute two modality-specific

tasks concurrently. We sought to examine the status of dual-task coordination

in TLE. We further Liproxstatin-1 cost examined the cohorts’ performance on a range of traditional measures of attentional control. Eighteen TLE patients and 22 healthy controls participated in the study. Dual-task performance involved comparing Navitoclax cell line the capacity to execute a tracking and a digit recall task simultaneously with the capacity to execute the tasks separately. We also administered measures of: set shifting (odd-man-out test), sustained attention (elevator counting), selective attention (elevator counting with distraction), and divided attention (trail making test). We found that the proportional decrement in dual-task performance relative to single-task performance did not vary between the groups

(TLE = 92.48%; controls = 93.70%), nor was there a significant difference in sustained attention (p > .10). Patients with TLE did demonstrate marked selleck inhibitor deficits in selective attention (p < .0001), divided attention (p < .01), and set shifting (p < .01). These findings add to the knowledge about cognitive dysfunction in TLE, indicating that impairments in attentional control in TLE tend to be selective. The greatest deficits appear to be on tasks that invoke a high level of processing resources. In contrast, sustained attention is less compromised and the capacity to allocate cognitive resources appears to be normal in patients with TLE. Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) demonstrate impairments in a range of cognitive domains, including memory, IQ, language, and visuospatial functions (Hermann, Seidenberg, Schoenfeld, & Davis, 1997). In addition, across different studies, deficits on tests of attentional control including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (Corcoran & Upton, 1993; Hermann & Seidenberg, 1995), the Stroop (McDonald et al., 2005), and Trail Making Test (TMT; Piazzini et al., 2006) have been widely reported. Although the control of attention has a long-standing association with frontal lobe functioning, these studies have led to the hypothesis that attentional control may be modulated by the hippocampus and related medial temporal lobe structures (Corcoran & Upton, 1993).