MGE cells migrating on cortical axons were sectioned parallel to the plane of
migration (Figures 1D1 and 1D2). Semithin sections comprising both the CTR and the nucleus were analyzed using high-resolution electron tomography (Koster Vismodegib datasheet et al., 1997). In a large proportion of cells with long nucleus to CTR distances the mother centriole identified by the presence of lateral and/or distal appendages was associated to the plasma membrane by its distal end (Figures 1E–1F2 and 1L; 21 cells out of 33). A third of these cells had a short primary cilium that protruded from the mother centriole into the extracellular space. This primary cilium contained an axoneme (Figures 1F1 and 1F2 and Movie S1) and was often less than 500 nm in length, shorter than the primary cilium found on fully differentiated neurons of adult brains (Fuchs and Schwark, 2004; Arellano et al., 2012). The plasma membrane around the primary cilium often formed a thickened asymmetric depression (Figure 1F1). Mother centrioles located in the leading process often associated with the plasma membrane. In contrast, centriole pairs located in the perinuclear compartment positioned deep within the cytoplasm (Figures 1G–1I, 1L, S1C, and S1D). There, the mother centriole associated with a large distal vesicle, either round or flattened (Figures 1H and 1I and Movie S2). A short axoneme could protrude
from the mother centriole within the vesicle lumen (Figure 1I, black arrow heads). The single large vesicle
was sometimes replaced Autophagy Compound Library by a row of small vesicles attached to the tip of mother centriole distal appendages (Figure S1D). Pioneer studies (Sorokin, Olopatadine 1962; Cohen et al., 1988) already reported that the ciliogenesis likely starts with the assembly of a centriolar vesicle into which the axoneme elongates. The centriolar vesicle of MGE cells could engulf smaller vesicles (Figure 1H and Movie S2), attesting to vesicular trafficking toward the centriolar vesicle. Accordingly, we noticed a continuum of small vesicles between the neighboring Golgi cisternae and the large centriolar vesicle (Figure 1I, white arrow heads). To obtain further insight into ciliogenesis related vesicular trafficking in migrating MGE cells, we examined the distribution of GMAP-210, a cis-Golgi protein that traffics toward the basal body in ciliated cells ( Ríos et al., 2004) and that associates with IFT20 ( Follit et al., 2008), a component of anterograde IFT particles. The cis-GA, as decorated by GMAP-210 antibodies, extended to the CTR, which was not the case for the median GA ( Figures 1J and S1E1–S1E3). A GMAP-210 positive Golgi compartment remained associated to the CTR after brefeldin treatment that redistributed the Golgi to the ER but not after MT destabilization ( Figures S1F1–S1G2).