The PIM kinases present high homology with each other: PIM1 and PIM3 are 71% identical at the amino acid level, while PF299804 molecular weight and PIM2 share 61% homology. Due to this high homology, functional redundancy of the three PIM kinases is shown in vitro and in vivo. Pim mRNA transcripts give rise to different PIM protein isoforms with different molecular masses, that preserve their serinethreonine kinase activity. The Pim1 kinase gene encodes 2 isoforms with measurements of 44 and 34 kDa through alternative initiation sites. Both proteins show comparable kinase activities in-vitro. Alternative initiation internet sites have been noted for Pim2, generating 3 different proteins of 34, 37 and 40 kDa, while only one protein has been described from Pim3 transcripts. Although all 3 proteins are generally common, there are differences in their levels of expression: PIM1 provides higher levels in hematopoietic cells, PIM2 in brain and lymphoid cells and PIM3 in chest, kidney and brain cells. PIM kinases are regulated primarily in the expression level because PIM kinases do not have a regulatory domain and are constitutively active when expressed. Ergo, their regulation seems to occur primarily via transcription and protein stabilization. PIM kinases don’t need their kinase Plastid activity to be induced by post translational modifications. As they are temporary proteins, their activity is basically regulated by protein balance, for instance, through ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. Binding of PIM1 to HSP90 balances PIM1 protein degrees, although binding of PIM1 to HSP70 results in its ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. Curiously, hypoxia prevents the ubiquitin mediated proteasomal degradation of PIM1 in an HSP90 dependent manner. Nevertheless, some work shows that PIM protein balance is regulated via phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of the T218 deposit of PIM1 from the ETK tyrosine kinase is necessary for the IL 6 induced activation of androgen mediated transcription. Furthermore, the stability of PIM kinases is negatively regulated by PP2A, suggesting the significance of this phosphorylation, occurring in either an autologous or heterologous manner, by a yet unidentified kinase for PIM task. PIM meats contain over 30 potential recognition sequences for different kinases, but their relevance continues to be as yet not known. Various stabilities of proteins Gemcitabine price as a result of alternative splicing has additionally been reported. While that of the 34 kDa form is 10 min, the 44 kDa PIM1 protein includes a 1 h half life. Pim genes are primary response genes whose transcription is fast upregulated following mitogenic stimuli and that are transiently induced in response to a wide array of growth facets, including interleukins, GM CSF and GCSF, and interferons.