Risk

factors were increased age and knee and hip surgery, as well as colon surgery and several comorbidities including chronic kidney disease, depression, paralysis, and complicated diabetes. Although there are currently no immediate practical consequences from this knowledge, surgeons performing such higher risk procedures in elderly and diabetic patients may wish to consider preventive steps such as using alpha-adrenergic receptor blockers, which have been shown to help with postoperative retention. However, there are no data yet to demonstrate that preventative administration of such drugs would reduce Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical or eliminate the frequency of such occurrences. Two presentations examined body weight, physical activity, urinary symptoms, and BPH. Parsons and associates reported from the Urologic Diseases in America project about the relationship between body weight, physical activity, and urinary symptoms in older men and found that excess body weight is associated with a decrease in physical activity and an increased risk of incident LUTS.73 Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Eifler and colleagues from Johns Hopkins examined the relationship between BMI in younger men with prostate enlargement later in life in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Their findings suggest that younger men with elevated BMI

are more likely to develop an enlarged prostate later in life, with the Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical greatest association between BMI and later prostate volume observed in Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical men younger than age 35 years with elevated BMI (selleck chemicals Figure 1).74 Figure 1 (A) Odds ratio (OR) of developing an enlarged prostate for men with an elevated body mass index (BMI) who are less than a given age. Men at age < 35 years had a particularly high OR, but as older men were included in the population, the OR decreased. ... St. Sauver and coworkers reported from the Olmsted County Study of Urinary Symptoms in Men that at least one aspect of the weight/LUTS and BPH relationship does not hold true: modest Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical weight loss is not associated with improvements in LUTS.75 Much has been written in recent years Carnitine dehydrogenase about the relationship between lipid-lowering

drugs from the statin class and a variety of issues relating to prostate diseases, from elevated serum PSA levels to mortality from prostate cancer to LUTS and BPH. It had been hypothesized that statins may help LUTS through anti-inflammatory or other pathways and the New England Research Institutes (NERI) group examined whether the use of statins improved LUTS. In the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Study Group, they observed that current statin use appears to predict clinically relevant LUTS score improvement, but not progression. In addition, they found that gender-specific differences may suggest that the protective effect of current statin use may be through the prostate or at least male-specific pathways (Figure 2).