Immunofluorescence is the most widely used technique of immunohistochemistry. It is considered to be easier, faster, clearer and more sensitive than the

immune-peroxidase method performed on formalin-fixed tissue. However, those markers are expensive Selleckchem GSK3 inhibitor and require fresh tissue. The aim of this study was to analyze the importance of those markers in various renal diseases. Methods: A total of 424 renal biopsies were retrospectively analyzed at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultanate of Oman, between 1999 and 2010. For immunofluorescence, the portion of renal biopsy was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen, cut at 5 μm thickness, fixed in cold acetone and stained against fluorescein isothiocyanide conjugated IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C1q and fibrin markers. Results: The dominant deposit of immunofluorescence of lupus glomerulonephritis was C3 (96%), followed by IgG (87%), IgM (85%), IgA (80%) and C1q (36%). IgG (98%) was dominant in membranous glomerulopathy. High deposit of IgM (91%) was seen in membranous glomerulopathy and focal proliferative glomerulonephritis. C3 (100%) was dominant in IgA nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, acute proliferative glomerulonephritis and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Fibrin was low in lupus glomerulonephritis

(9%), minimal change disease (6%), focal segmental glomerulonephritis (3%) and IgA nephropathy (3%) and absent in membranous glomerulopathy,

membranoproliferative Ixazomib glomerulonephritis, focal proliferative glomerulonephritis, acute proliferative glomerulonephritis and amyloidosis. Conclusion: The importance of fluorescein isothiocyanate – fibrin in the diagnosis Etofibrate of renal biopsy needs to be further investigated. YASUDA YOSHINARI1,2,3, SHIBATA KIYOSHI1, SUZUKI SADAO2, ISEKI KUNITOSHI3, MORIYAMA TOSHIKI3, YAMAGATA KUNIHIRO3, TSURUYA KAZUHIKO3, YOSHIDA HIDEAKI3, FUJIMOTO SHOUICHI3, ASAHI KOICHI3, WATANABE TSUYOSHI3, MATSUO SEIICHI1 1Nephrology/CKD Initiatives, Nagoya University, Japan; 2Public Health, Nagoya City University, Japan; 3Research on the positioning of CKD in Specific Health, Japan Introduction: Regional differences in the increasing rate of end sage kidney diseases (ESKD) was reported in Japan, however, factors associating these regional variations have not been fully elucidated. In this study, prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its risk factors were analyzed in a Japanese nationwide database with a focus on the regional differences. Methods: Study subjects were 386,517 (163,454 male) participants in a Japanese nationwide health-check including 13 prefectures.