However, our understanding of the regulatory modules that govern both of these processes is limited. An emerging theme in plant development is microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene regulation of transcription factors, including several NAC domain family members such IPI-145 cell line as CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON2 (CUC2). We uncovered a novel allele of CUC2, cuc2-1D, that revealed important functions of miRNAs and CUC2 in a regulatory module governing lateral organ enlargement and patterning. cuc2-1D carried a single point mutation in the CUC2 miRNA target site, disrupting
miRNA targeting. Disruption of the tight balance between CUC2 and its targeting miRNA, miRNA164, led to over-accumulation of CUC2 mRNA and expansion of the CUC2 expression domain. cuc2-1D plants had enlarged vegetative and reproductive lateral organs relative to wild-type plants. Mechanistically, these enlarged organs resulted from an increase in cell proliferation that occurred over a longer developmental time frame relative to wild-type. This organ enlargement was dependent on the receptor-like kinase, ERECTA (ER). This see more and lateral organ patterning phenotypes
in cuc2-1D suggest that miRNA164 and CUC2 are critical regulators of both processes. Therefore, we propose that miRNA164 and CUC2 form a central regulatory module that acts as a governor of lateral organ patterning and expansion.”
“Research on biohydrometallurgy of secondary metal resources is primarily focused on the leaching of valuable metals. For secondary metal compound screening assay resources biological processing can be an economically more effective and environmentally friendlier alternative to traditional hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes. Therefore, biohydrometallurgy is a rapidly evolving biotechnology that has already provided revolutionary solutions to old problems associated with recovery of metals
by conventional pyrometallurgy and chemical metallurgy. This review evaluates various processes of recovery of metals from waste materials and commercial applications are discussed. Case studies and future technology directions are reviewed. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Background: Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) may present with Pulmonary hypertension (PH) and functional mitral regurgitation (MR). Whether PH is linked to the presence of functional MR has not been investigated in HFpEF patients.
Methods and Results: Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) and functional MR were assessed by 2-dimensional Doppler echocardiography in 70 ambulatory HFpEF patients and 70 hypertensive control subjects free of organic mitral valve lesions, significant valve disease, and comorbid conditions associated with PH.