g., had a preexisting comorbidity), male, and operated on by a lower-volume surgeon. Predictors of subsequent knee surgery included being female, having concomitant knee surgery, and being operated on by a lower-volume surgeon. Predictors of a subsequent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction included an age of less than forty years, concomitant meniscectomy or other knee surgery, and surgery in a lower-volume hospital.

Conclusions: The rate of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has increased in frequency. Also, while anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction appears to be a safe procedure, the risk of a subsequent

GSK1838705A nmr operation on either knee is increased among younger patients and those treated by a lower-volume surgeon or at a lower-volume hospital.”
“Background: Omalizumab may inhibit allergic inflammation and could contribute to decreasing airway JQ1 concentration remodeling in patients with asthma. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of omalizumab on airway wall thickness using computed tomography (CT). Methods: Thirty patients with severe persistent asthma were randomized to conventional therapy with (n = 14) or without omalizumab (n = 16) for 16 weeks. The following airway dimensions were assessed by a validated CT technique: airway wall area corrected for

body surface area (WA/BSA), percentage wall area (WA%), wall thickness (T)/root BSA, and luminal area (Ai)/BSA at the right apical segmental bronchus. The percentage of eosinophils in induced sputum, pulmonary function and the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) were assessed as well. Results: Treatment with omalizumab significantly

decreased WA/BSA (p < 0.01), WA% (p < 0.01), and T/root BSA (p < 0.01), and increased Ai/BSA (p < 0.05), whereas conventional therapy resulted in no change. In the omalizumab group (n = 14), a significant decrease in the percentage of sputum eosinophils (p < 0.01), improved forced expiratory volume GANT61 in vivo in 1 s (FEV1), and an improved AQLQ score were recorded. The changes in FEV1% predicted and sputum eosinophils were significantly correlated with changes in WA% (r = 0.88, p < 0.001, and r = 072, p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: These findings suggest that omalizumab reduced airway wall thickness and airway inflammation. Larger patient studies with longer-term follow-up are needed to show whether omalizumab can truly maintain improved airway wall dimensions. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“OBJECTIVE; To evaluate the natural history of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) and to identify risk factors for invasive vaginal carcinoma.

METHODS; The records of all women with VAIN diagnosed at military treatment facilities over a 10-year period with minimum follow-up of 12 months were reviewed. Patient demographics and clinical information related to the diagnosis and treatment of VAIN were recorded.