Evidently, in vivo and many other sensing applications would bene

Evidently, in vivo and many other sensing applications would benefit from the fiber material being humidity insensitive. TOPAS is photosensitive and thus TOPAS FBG sensors can be fabricated [53,55], and TOPAS is highly transparent in the THz regime, where PMMA is extremely lossy [56�C58].In contrast to PMMA, TOPAS is chemically inert and thus biomolecules are not easily immobilized onto it. However, commercially available anthraquinone (AQ) photolinkers (see www.exiqon.com) can attach to the TOPAS surface when activated by UV light and can subsequently accept sensor layers. This concept was used to develop the first flourescence-based TOPAS mPOF antibody biosensor, which had a reasonable selectivity [21,22]. Here we for the first time take full advantage of the chemical inertness of TOPAS and the AQ-linker technology and present the first fluorescence-based serial fiber-optical biosensor capable of selective detection of two different antibodies with a single fiber.2.?The Optical Fiber SensorIn this first proof-of-concept we do not focus on optimi
Each step of the imaging and signal processing has been investigated to find the possible error factors [4�C6]. Simulation for two types of product has been done to estimate the degree of influence of the various error factors.3.1. Distance Deviation between Entrance Slit and Code DialThe encoded rows on code dial are etched according to the rule of y = H tan(��), where H is the distance between entrance slit and code dial. The ideal value of the distance is H, but there is always a deviation ��H between ideal value and www.selleckchem.com/products/dorsomorphin-2hcl.html actual value due to limited manufacturing accuracy. Let y be the position of sunlight on the code dial when incident angle (i.e., measurement angle) is ��. The output angle of ESS can be expressed as ���� = atan(y/H), while the actual incident angle of sunlight is �� = atan(y/H��), which cause error as shown in Figure 2.Figure 2.Deviation of distance between entrance slit and code dial.Measurement errors caused by distance deviation ��H for two types of product (designated as A and B) were analyzed by simulation. The distance H is 4.124 mm for product A and 6.584 mm for product B. The simulation is done under the following conditione: distance deviation ��H is ��2 microns, and the range of measurement angle is (?62��~62��). Figure 3 shows the simulation result for product A.Figure 3.Measurement error caused by distance deviation ��H.Simulated results are as follows:(1)Measurement errors caused by distance deviation ��H will increase when the distance between the entrance slit and code dial decreases or the incident angle increases.(2)For Product A, measurement error will exceed 0.015�� when the distance deviation exceeds two micron, as shown in Figure 3. For Product B, measurement error will exceed 0.008�� when the distance deviation exceeds two microns.

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