DESIGN: Prospective randomized single-masked parallel study.
METHODS: The study comprised patients
scheduled to have unilateral clear corneal cataract surgery with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The patients were examined preoperatively and frequently for 30 days postoperatively. The design was a noninferiority study of the 2 primary endpoints, device performance and maximum reported postoperative pain.
RESULTS: The device performance success was 78.6% (228/290) for the hydrogel bandage and 26.5% (26/98) for the corneal shield (P<.0001 for noninferiority). Analyses indicated that the hydrogel bandage was superior to the corneal shield in device performance (P<.001; difference = 52.1%; 95% confidence interval, 41.6%-61.4%). The maximum postoperative click here pain/discomfort score of the hydrogel bandage (mean 1.3 +/- 1.8 [SD]; scale 0 to 10) was noninferior to that of the corneal shield (1.1 +/- 1.6) in the first 4 hours after
surgery (P<.001). Selleckchem LDC000067 Adverse events in the cataract surgeries were reported in 22.2% (70/316) and 36.5% (38/104) of hydrogel bandage patients and corneal shield patients, respectively (P = .0045).
CONCLUSION: The hydrogel bandage was safe and effective for ocular surface protection and relief of pain/discomfort when applied topically to clear corneal incisions used in cataract or IOL implantation surgery.”
“Background: Alcohol consumption in India is disproportionately higher among poorer and socially marginalised groups, notably Scheduled Tribes (STs). We lack an understanding of STs own views with regard to alcohol, which is important for implementing appropriate interventions.
Methods: This study was undertaken with the Paniyas (a previously enslaved ST) Ro 61-8048 datasheet in a rural community in Kerala, South India. The study, nested in a participatory poverty and health assessment (PPHA). PPHA aims to enable marginalized groups to define, describe, analyze, and express their own perceptions through a combination of qualitative methods and participatory approaches (e.g. participatory mapping and ranking
exercises). We worked with 5 Paniya colonies between January and June 2008.
Results: Alcohol is viewed as a problem among the Paniyas who reported that consumption is increasing, notably among younger men. Alcohol is easily available in licensed shops and is produced illicitly in some colonies. There is evidence that local employers are using alcohol to attract Paniyas for work. Male alcohol consumption is associated with a range of social and economic consequences that are rooted in historical oppression and social discrimination.
Conclusion: Future research should examine the views of alcohol use among a variety of marginalised groups in developing countries and the different policy options available for these populations.