Scotland has lower incidence, but has shown a greater rate of increase between 1985 and 2007. There is an urgent need in Scotland, therefore, to identify those groups at greatest risk and provide them with effective preventative advice.
Method: A self-administered postal survey was completed by four groups formed from convenience samples in two geographical locations (Northeast Scotland and Western Australia). In univariate analysis scores on personal risk, level of concern, protective behaviour, and knowledge were compared by Nirogacestat solubility dmso nationality, previous skin cancer diagnosis and
personally knowing someone with melanoma. Multivariate linear regression analysis modelled the influence of potential predictor variables upon each of the scores.
Results: 540 people completed the questionnaire, 273 Scots (50.6%). 133 (24.6%) Scots and 83 (15.4%) Australians previously had melanoma or non-melanoma skin cancer, whilst 120 (22.2%) Scots and 190 (35.2%) Australians personally knew someone with melanoma. Australians had higher knowledge (p < 0.001), level of concern (p < 0.001) and protective behaviour (p < 0.001) scores than the Scottish. Australian nationality was the strongest independent predictor of a higher knowledge
score (p < 0.001), followed by a previous skin cancer diagnosis (p EPZ004777 molecular weight = 0.003), personal knowledge of someone with melanoma (p = 0.011), female gender (p = 0.005) and higher education Dorsomorphin in vitro status (p < 0.001) (R(2) = 0.163).
Conclusion: The questionnaire detected higher levels of knowledge and skin cancer protective behaviours in Australians than in Scottish people. This was expected and supports the content validity of the questionnaire and its value as a future research tool in the Scottish population.”
“Purpose of review
To review recent research on the
management of acute procedural pain in pediatric patients.
Recent findings
Pediatric patients experience pain with the same or greater intensity as their adult counterparts. Recent studies have acknowledged the importance of people’s beliefs about pain and of a multidisciplinary approach to the assessment and treatment of acute pain.
Summary
Pediatric patients experience pain from procedures related to their care. Pediatricians should educate themselves regarding the accurate assessment of pain, and the pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods of managing acute pain.”
“Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) were optimized (by response surface methodology, RSM) and compared for the recovery of total phenolic compounds (TPC expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE)) from Citrus limon peels. The optimized result for MAE was 48% ethanol as extraction solvent, 28:1 mL/g of solvent: solid ratio, 123 s and 400 W for irradiation time and power. The optimized result for UAE was 63.93% ethanol as extraction solvent, 40 mL/g of liquid/solid ratio, 15.05 min of holding time and 77.79% for amplitude.