From the study, authors suggest that tuning physical layer operational parameters may increase the read rate up to a 33%. In [18] it is shown how the performance in EPC-C1G2 varies widely for different readers.Some works focus on analyzing the identification process of passive RFID systems. A relevant study is addressed by Vogt in [19], where the author characterizes the identification process of ISO-18000-6C standard [2] as a Markov chain, assuming a static scenario. The author found that the results matched an experimental evaluation using the old I-Code RFID system [20]. However, in [19] the author assumes that those tags already identified in previous frames keep on competing.

This is not the case currently, since most FSA derived protocols, including EPC-C1G2, force identified tags to withdraw from the identification process.

In [4] we study the identification performance in static scenarios, but also considering the dynamic frame-length procedure of EPC-C1G2, which is not widely implemen
Optical fibers are ideal for environmental sensing applications because of their ability to transmit optical signals to and from the sensing region without the use of free-space optics. By accessing the evanescent field, the fiber itself can be the sensing element and long interaction lengths can be achieved [1]. Microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) are particularly suited to such applications as the air spaces inside the fiber form natural cavities for locating the material to be detected.

These types of fibers have a significant advantage over conventional core-clad fibers, in that they can be fabricated from a single material, so issues involving thermal and chemical compatibility between different glasses Entinostat can be avoided [2].By tailoring both the MOF material and the geometry, the light-matter overlap can be increased to values much larger than with conventional fibers. Through varied structure geometries such as photonic band-gap fibers (PBGF) [3,4] or suspended nanowires [5�C8], the overlap between the guided light and the analyte located within the holes of the fiber can be increased significantly over that which can be obtained using multi-mode bare fibers or D-shaped fibers [9].

However, due to the relatively limited bandwidth of most PBGFs [7], the excitation and emission wavelengths must be relatively close to enable detection with the fiber. Here AV-951 we employ the suspended nanowire design [10] that provides the high evanescent overlap of a standard nanowire [11] with the large interaction length and robust handling comparable to conventional fibers.