A longer westerly wind fetch also induces more growth of the headland at the Darsser Ort and more sedimentation in the channel between Bock Island and Hiddensee. The division factor of two (Run04) of the westerly wind sub-groups in the representative

wind series produces a better-fit coastline change to the measured data than the other two runs. In the third set of runs, Run03 (the same run as mentioned above), Run06 and Run07, the long-term effects caused by the different orderings of the wind sub-groups click here are calculated. Model results indicate that the long-term (100 years) coastline change is not very sensitive to the ordering of the wind sub-groups. Differences in the calculated bathymetric change at the same coastal profile

are within 7% among the different model runs, and the differences in coastline change at the same point (the coastal points are indicated in Figure 8) are within 4%. This may be due to two reasons: (1) the repetitive cycles of calculation with these wind series smooth out the differences caused by different orderings of wind sub-groups and (2) the effects of the dominant westerly winds cannot be eliminated by different orderings of the wind sub-groups. As a whole, Run04 (with a return period of 5 years for the NE storm and division of CYC202 solubility dmso the westerly wind sub-groups by a factor of two) produces the best-fit coastline change to the measured data in the last century. A digital elevation model (DEM) of the research area for the year PAK6 1696 was reconstructed on the basis of high-resolution bathymetric and topographic data sets measured in modern times (Zhang et

al. 2011). Based on the reconstructed DEM, a recent sediment map, an isostatic map, an eustatic scenario for the last three centuries (Meyer et al. 2008) and validated modules, the model was applied to hindcast the coastal evolution of the Darss-Zingst peninsula from 1696 to 2000 without taking into account anthropogenic influence (Zhang et al. 2011). The calibrated representative wind series serve as input conditions for the model. Successful validation of the representative wind series was shown by comparison between the modelled coastline change and the measured data along the peninsula with a RMSE = 61 m (which is about 1/5 of the averaged coastline change for the last 300 years). The simulated coastline in different time periods indicates a smooth evolution of the area in the last 300 years. Most of the coastline has been retreating except two parts: (1) the headland and its eastern side and (2) Bock Island. These two areas act like reservoirs where sediment converges, but the mechanisms driving their evolution are different. The growth of the headland is a combination of long-term wave dynamics (wave breaking, longshore currents) and short-term storm effects.